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ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

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  What is Plant Anatomy? Plant anatomy is the study of internal structure and organization of tissues in plants. It helps in understanding: Functional adaptation Transport system Growth patterns Tissue Organization in Flowering Plants Flowering plants have three major tissue systems :  Epidermal Tissue System Components: Epidermis Single layer of compact cells No intercellular spaces Covered by cuticle (except roots) Cuticle Made of cutin Prevents water loss Stomata Present mainly on leaves Composed of guard cells Regulate: Gas exchange Transpiration Root hairs Extensions of epidermal cells Increase surface area for absorption Trichomes (in stem) Hair-like structures Protection + reduce transpiration  Functions: Protection Water conservation Gas exchange 🌿 B. Ground Tissue System  Types of Ground Tissue: 1. Parenchyma Living cells, thin cell wall Large vacuole Functions: Storage Photosynthesis ( chlorenchyma ) Air storage ( aerenchyma ) 2. Collenchyma Living cell...
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SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS REVISION NOTES

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 FLOWER – A FASCINATING ORGAN OF ANGIOSPERMS Flowers have been used for aesthetic, ornamental, social, religious, and cultural purposes. Five ornamental flowers commonly cultivated in homes and in gardens are rose, sunflower, tulip, daisy, and lavender. Five flowers used in social and cultural celebrations can vary but examples include marigold, chrysanthemum, lily, lotus, and peony. Floriculture refers to the cultivation of flowers for ornamental and decorative purposes. The two parts in a flower in which the two most important units of sexual reproduction develop are the stamen and pistil. 1.2 PRE-FERTILISATION: STRUCTURES AND EVENTS Several hormonal and structural changes occur in a plant before it starts to flower. These changes lead to the differentiation and development of the floral primordium. Inflorescences are formed which bear the floral buds and then the flowers. The male and female reproductive structures, the androecium and the gynoecium differentiate and develop in t...
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