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ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

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  What is Plant Anatomy? Plant anatomy is the study of internal structure and organization of tissues in plants. It helps in understanding: Functional adaptation Transport system Growth patterns Tissue Organization in Flowering Plants Flowering plants have three major tissue systems :  Epidermal Tissue System Components: Epidermis Single layer of compact cells No intercellular spaces Covered by cuticle (except roots) Cuticle Made of cutin Prevents water loss Stomata Present mainly on leaves Composed of guard cells Regulate: Gas exchange Transpiration Root hairs Extensions of epidermal cells Increase surface area for absorption Trichomes (in stem) Hair-like structures Protection + reduce transpiration  Functions: Protection Water conservation Gas exchange 🌿 B. Ground Tissue System  Types of Ground Tissue: 1. Parenchyma Living cells, thin cell wall Large vacuole Functions: Storage Photosynthesis ( chlorenchyma ) Air storage ( aerenchyma ) 2. Collenchyma Living cell...
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THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE

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 What are Living Organisms Made Up of?  living organisms are made of cells. cells are capable of independent existence and performing the essential function of life. viruses  are non cellular because they lack cell like structures. robert hook  first observe cork cells under  microscope  in 1665 leeuwenhook first oberves single celled organism in 1674 pasteur discovered microbial fermentation in 1856 pasteur disapproved spontaneous generation in 1862 koch determine causative agents for many bacterial infection during period of 1876-1906. smallest cell: mycoplasma (PPLO- pleuro pneumonia like organism, about 10 micrometer in size) longest cells : nerve cell largest cell: ostrich cell What is a Cell Made Up of? What is the Structural Organisation of a Cell? protoplasm : nucleus+ cell membrane +cytoplasm  cytoplasm: all content except nucleus (contain organalles) nucloplasm: nucleus+ its content cytosol : fluid where cytoplasm suspended. PLASMA MEMBRANE ...
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