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ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

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  What is Plant Anatomy? Plant anatomy is the study of internal structure and organization of tissues in plants. It helps in understanding: Functional adaptation Transport system Growth patterns Tissue Organization in Flowering Plants Flowering plants have three major tissue systems :  Epidermal Tissue System Components: Epidermis Single layer of compact cells No intercellular spaces Covered by cuticle (except roots) Cuticle Made of cutin Prevents water loss Stomata Present mainly on leaves Composed of guard cells Regulate: Gas exchange Transpiration Root hairs Extensions of epidermal cells Increase surface area for absorption Trichomes (in stem) Hair-like structures Protection + reduce transpiration  Functions: Protection Water conservation Gas exchange 🌿 B. Ground Tissue System  Types of Ground Tissue: 1. Parenchyma Living cells, thin cell wall Large vacuole Functions: Storage Photosynthesis ( chlorenchyma ) Air storage ( aerenchyma ) 2. Collenchyma Living cell...
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LIFE PROCESSES

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 1. Fill in the blanks and explain the statements. a. After complete oxidation of a glucose molecules, ---- --- --- number of ATP molecules are formed. b. At the end of glycolysis, ---- --- -- molecules are obtained. c. Genetic recombination occurs in ---- -- phase of prophase of meiosis-I. d. All chromosomes are arranged parallel to equatorial plane of cell in-- -- -- phase of mitosis. e. For formation of plasma membrane,--- --- --- molecules are necessary. f. Our muscle cells perform -- -- -- type of respiration during exercise. ANS:  a. After complete oxidation of a glucose molecule, 36-38 ATP molecules are formed. b. At the end of glycolysis, 2 molecules of pyruvate, 2 molecules of ATP, and 2 molecules of NADH are obtained. c. Genetic recombination occurs in the pachytene phase of prophase of meiosis-I. d. All chromosomes are arranged parallel to the equatorial plane of the cell in the metaphase phase of mitosis. e. For the formation of the plasma membrane, phospholipid ...
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