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ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

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  What is Plant Anatomy? Plant anatomy is the study of internal structure and organization of tissues in plants. It helps in understanding: Functional adaptation Transport system Growth patterns Tissue Organization in Flowering Plants Flowering plants have three major tissue systems :  Epidermal Tissue System Components: Epidermis Single layer of compact cells No intercellular spaces Covered by cuticle (except roots) Cuticle Made of cutin Prevents water loss Stomata Present mainly on leaves Composed of guard cells Regulate: Gas exchange Transpiration Root hairs Extensions of epidermal cells Increase surface area for absorption Trichomes (in stem) Hair-like structures Protection + reduce transpiration  Functions: Protection Water conservation Gas exchange 🌿 B. Ground Tissue System  Types of Ground Tissue: 1. Parenchyma Living cells, thin cell wall Large vacuole Functions: Storage Photosynthesis ( chlorenchyma ) Air storage ( aerenchyma ) 2. Collenchyma Living cell...
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CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION NCERT HIGHLIGHTS

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 Cell Structure and Functions: Cytology, the Science of Cells: Let's begin with cytology, which is the scientific study of cells. It delves into the form, structure, and composition of these tiny units of life. The Cell: Life's Building Block: A cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of life. Think of it as the building block of living organisms. In unicellular organisms like amoeba and bacteria, a single cell performs all essential life functions. Cell Theory Founders: Back in the day, Anton Von Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe and describe live cells under a microscope. Later, Robert Brown discovered something crucial, the nucleus. Cell Theory, the Bedrock of Biology: In the mid-19th century, Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann put forth the cell theory. It stated that all living organisms are made up of cells and their products. Furthermore, they emphasized that all cells come from pre-existing cells. This theory was later refined by Rudolf Virchow. ...
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